CORRELATION BETWEEN STANDARDIZED UPTAKE VALUE AND HISTOPATHOLOGY OF OESOPHAGEAL CARCINOMA: A SINGLE CENTER ANALYSIS
Abstract
Aim: This study aims to evaluate the correlation between oesophageal cancer histopathology and the standardised uptake value (SUV) of the primary lesion on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan.
Methods: We reviewed clinical data of consecutive newly diagnosed oesophageal cancer patients who underwent positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[ uorine-18] uoro-D glucose integrated with CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) between September 2009 and July 2014.
Results: A total of 289 baseline scans were performed in this 55-month period. Of these, 171 (59%) were male. The mean age was 52.6 years (standard deviation ± 12.4 years). On histological review, 214 were squamous cell carcinomas (SCCa) and 75 were adenocarcinomas. Of the SCCa, 15.9% were poorly differentiated, 70.6% were moderately differentiated and 13.5% were well differentiated. Of the adenocarcinomas, 20% were poorly differentiated, 45% were moderately differentiated, 28% were well differentiated and signet ring cell was 7%. Mean maximum SUV (SUVmax) for SCCa was 12.6 ± 5.14 and 10.5 ± 6.2 for adenocarcinomas. In bivariate analysis, being a female was associated with a higher SUV in the primary lesion by 1.66 units (P = 0.011) compared to males. Adenocarcinomas were associated with a lower SUV by 2.14 units (P = 0.004) compared to SCCa. In bivariate analysis, no signi cant correlation was found between the T-stage of the tumour and the SUVmax of the primary tumour (P = 0.339). Multivariate analyses showed no association of the SUV of the primary oesophageal tumour with the degree of differentiation of either SCCa or adenocarcinoma. There was no correlation between the SUVmax of the primary lesion and the presence or activity level of a metastatic focus, whether visceral or nodal.
Conclusion: At our centre, three-fourths of patients with oesophageal carcinoma had squamous cell carcinoma on histology. Adenocarcinoma is associated with a lower SUV compared to SCCa. There is no association between the SUVmax and degree of differentiation of the primary oesophageal cancer.
Key words: Fluorodeoxyglucose, oesophageal adenocarcinoma, oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, positron emission tomography/computed tomography, standardised uptake value
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